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Rabbi Shimon Sofer (1820–1883) ((ドイツ語:Simon Schreiber)) was a prominent Austrian Orthodox Jewish rabbi in the 19th century. He was Chief Rabbi of Kraków, Poland after serving as Chief Rabbi of Mattersdorf. He was the second son of Rabbi Moshe Sofer (Chassam Sofer) of Pressburg. As president of the Orthodox Jewish party ''Machzikei HaDas'', Sofer was a member of the Polenklub at the Reichsrat under the Austria-Hungary monarch Franz Joseph I. He was elected as Deputy of the Kolomyia district of Galicia. He became the foremost leader of the Orthodox Jews of Galicia in religious as well as in worldly matters.〔 As a Halakhist and Talmudist he authored commentary and responsa in a work known today as ''Michtav Sofer''. ==Early life== Rabbi Shimon Sofer was born 13 Tevet 5581 (December 18, (1820) in the city of Pressburg, Hungary, where his father, Rabbi Moses Schreiber (1762-1839), was serving as chief rabbi. His mother, Sarah-Sorele Schreiber (1790–1832), was the daughter of Rabbi Akiva Eger, the rabbi of Poznań, and the sister of Rabbi Abraham Moses Kalischer (1788–1812), the rabbi of Piła. She had ten other children beside him, and he lost her when he was eleven years old. He was named Shimon after his ancestor, the author of ''Yalkut Shimoni''. Shimon was recognized as a child prodigy at a very early age. His father would seat him on his lap whilst delivering his weekly ''Chumash shiur'' at the Pressburg Yeshiva, where he expounded on Rashi and Ramban commentaries. At the age of 9, he was fluent in the works of the Shlah HaKadosh and the Baal HaAkeida. He displayed great interest in Jewish Poetry, a talent which is noticeable in his later Torah works. His favorite ''piyyut'' was Ya Ribon of Rabbi Israel ben Moses Najara, a Shabbat song which his father would not sing. His father would affectionately call him ''Shimon Chassida'' (the pious), and at the age of 13, at his Bar Mitzva, ordained him with the Ashkenazi title “Chaver”. Shimon matured quickly and at the age of 17 he married Miriam Sternberg, a daughter of philanthropist Rabbi Dov Ber Sternberg (Reb Ber Sighet) of Carei. After his marriage, he moved back to Pressburg, and upon instruction from his father, started leaning Kaballa with Pressburg Dayan Rabbi Natan Binyamin Lieber (1805–1880) (Yiddish: נטע וואלף סג"ל)〔 author of ''Sheeris Natan Binyamin''. Shimon was a mere 19 years old when his father died. His brother Avraham Shmuel Binyamin, 6 years his elder, was appointed as Chief Rabbi of Pressburg. Avraham Shmuel Binyamin and Shimon continued to edit and publish their fathers Torah commentary and Halakhic rulings, a project placed upon them by their father during his lifetime. During this time they completed the first volume of ''Chassam Sofer'' Responsa on ''Yoreh De'ah'' (שו"ת חת"ס חיו"ד). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Shimon Sofer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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